Continuous production
A variation of flow production is continuous production. Here materials flow continuously through a process, and the product is produced continuously. Good examples are oil refining, the manufacture of detergents and the manufacture and printing of newsprint.
All these production techniques can be summarised as follows:
Job production | Batch production | Flow production | |
---|---|---|---|
Output potential | Low | Intermediate | High |
Capital requirement | Low | Intermediate | High |
Product quality | High | Intermediate | Lower |
Flexibility of product | High | Intermediate | Low |
Unit cost | High | Intermediate | Low |
Labour skill requirement | High | Intermediate | Low |
Labour productivity | Low | Intermediate | High |
Observe the trade-off between productivity and flexibility.
Much work has been done on flow production to increase its flexibility and quality. Computer organisation and control, for example, has revolutionised car assembly
Job production can generally be considered as being labour intensive.
Flow production can generally be considered as being capital intensive.