The impact of globalisation on business
- Increased competition - this is caused by more foreign investment flowing to countries, de-regulation which allows businesses to enter markets from which they once precluded.
- Greater awareness and reactions to customer needs - the consumer is now very selective on such essentials as quality, service and price.
- Economies of scale - by selling across many continents business can acquire economies of large-scale production. This makes them very competitive.
- Location flexibility - many modern production techniques and service provisions can be allocated almost anywhere. This allows to them gain the advantages of low cost labour and other resource charges.
- Increased mergers and joint ventures - allowing access to bigger markets and associated cost advantages.
The Bangalore Tigers - Wipro, Infosys, TCS (Tata Consultancy Services)
Wipro, Infosys and TCS are India's big three technology companies, all of which have become major global players rivalling the US's largest companies - IBM, Accenture and EDS (HP Enterprise services). Please:
- watch the video The Bangalore Tiger in Bloomsbergand
- read the article Azim Premji believes education is key to India's economic future
before considering answers to the questions below.
Question 1
Define the terms:
- Outsourcing
- Service sector.
Question 2
Explain why Azim Premji believes education is key to India's economic future.
Question 3
Examine methods by which a firm may gain competitive advantage.
Question 4
Discuss the reasons for the growth of India's technology companies such as Wipro, TCS and Infosys.
Extension activity:
Select one of India's top three technology companies and use web searches:
- Describe the nature of the organisation
- Report on recent business activity
Globalisation illustration
A good example of the globalisation is IKEA. IKEA is now one of the world's largest furniture retailers and sell a 'standardised product' worldwide.
- In 1974 there were only 10 IKEA stores outside of Scandinavia and the company annual revenue was $210m.
- In 2006 there were 237 stores in 34 countries and their sales revenue was close to 17.3bn euro.
- They have a global network of suppliers - 1,300 firms in over 54 countries.
- They have very low costs that are partly derived from huge economies of scale - large stores and a highly organised supply chain.
- The IKEA group in 2006 employed 104,000 staff - called 'co-workers'.
You can read about the IKEA concept and see a chronological history of the business here.